Superlative Forms of Modifiers - Definition and Examples

The superlative is the form or degree of an adjective or adverb that indicates the most or the least of something. Superlatives are either marked by the suffix -est  (as in the fastest bike) or identified by the word most or least (the most difficult job). Almost all  one-syllable  adjectives, along with some two-syllable adjectives, add -est  to the base to form the superlative.  In most adjectives of two or more  syllables, the superlative is identified by the word  most or least.  Not all adjectives and adverbs have superlative forms. After a superlative, in or of a noun phrase can be used to indicate what is being compared (as in the tallest building in the world and the best time of my life). Exercises and Quizzes Exercise in Using the Comparative and Superlative Forms of AdjectivesPractice in Forming the Comparative and Superlative Degrees of Adverbs Examples and Observations This is the saddest story I have ever heard.(Ford Maddox Ford, The Good Soldier, 1915)The [New York City] subway is a gift to any connoisseur of superlatives. It has the longest rides of any subway in the world, the biggest stations, the fastest trains, the most track, the most passengers, the most police officers. It also has the filthiest trains, the most bizarre graffiti, the noisiest wheels, the craziest passengers, the wildest crimes.(Paul Theroux, Subterranean Gothic. Granta, 1984)[O]f all forms of tyranny, the least attractive and most vulgar is the tyranny of mere wealth.(Theodore Roosevelt,  Theodore Roosevelt: An Autobiography, 1913)Bart Simpson: This is the worst day of my life.Homer Simpson: The worst day of your life so far.(The Simpsons Movie, 2007)In one second, without any previous training or upbringing, he had become the wettest man in Worcestershire.​​  (P.G. Wodehouse, Very Good, Jeeves, 1930)I responded in what I thought was the most truthful--o r least untruthful--manner, by saying no.(James R. Clapper, Director of National Intelligence, explaining why he told Congress in March 2013 that the National Security Agency doesnt intentionally collect data on millions of Americans)To the man who loves art for its own sake, it is frequently in its least important and lowliest manifestations that the keenest pleasure is to be derived.(Arthur Conan Doyle)[T]he newspaper business, despite its many flaws, managed to do a lot of good. And it employed, in its newsrooms, the smartest, hardest-working, funniest, quirkiest, most cynical and at the same time idealistic group of borderline insane people Ive ever known.(Dave Barry, Ill Mature When Im Dead. Berkley, 2010)It is turning out to be the most beautiful, most quiet, largest, most generous, sky-vaulted summer Ive ever seen or known--inordinately blue, with greener leaves and taller trees than I can remember, and the sound of the lawnmowers all over this valley is a sound I could hum t o forever. (Nicholson Baker, The Anthologist. Simon Schuster, 2009)The greatest discovery of my generation is that a human being can alter his life by altering his attitudes of mind.  (William James) Double Comparatives and Superlatives Speakers of vernacular dialects often use double comparatives and superlatives such as more higher and most fastest. Although such constructions may seem redundant or even illogical, in reality both standard and nonstandard varieties of all languages are replete with such constructions. In English the redundant comparative dates back to the 1500s. Prior to this, in Old and Middle English, suffixes, rather than a preceding more or most, almost always marked the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs, regardless of word length. In the Early Modern English period . . . [double markings were commonly used to indicate special emphasis, and they do not appear to have been socially disfavored.​  (comparative, The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th ed., 2000) Unusual Superlatives Make sure your gathering is the meatiest, cheesiest, feastiest ever with our platters, cold subs, salads, snacks, and desserts.  (Firehouse Subs, Savannah, Georgia)- Another of Springfield’s belovedest citizens has been murdered.  (Kent Brockman in The Simpsons) Pronunciation: soo-PUR-luh-tiv

Reflection About Poverty - 783 Words

Prior to watching this video, I expected the video to include the typical information one hears about poverty: â€Å"Yes, it is sad. Yes, it â€Å"isn’t fair†. But, there are always, always means to escape it.† However, this mindset was not vividly displayed throughout the video, instead, I was presented with a newfound manner in how to regard poverty. Oftentimes, it is inescapable, for numerous reasons, many of which are personal and familial. I was impacted by the video in numerous ways; however, I believe that I was impacted extensively towards the end of the film when the students, impoverished and of school age, began speaking about their educational aspirations. These children, despite the economic odds set against them, obtained multiple†¦show more content†¦My father was the produce manager at Dillion’s, and he acquired a high school diploma, with no college education that I can recall. My mother, on the other hand, ran her own daycare in our home, part time by the time I was born. At the time, my mom held a high school diploma and associate’s, but in the past few years, about a decade after my dad’s passing, she managed her RN BSN MBA to take care of our family. As one might expect, I grew up in an average middle-class family. We had all the necessities, as well as a few luxuries, but we have never been classified as â€Å"rich†. Money has always been budgeted and financial plans methodically organized, but never have I been accustomed to an impoverished lifestyle, or anything supremely close to one. Thus, I can unerringly state that my life is incomparable to the average individual existing in poverty. I am very grateful that I have never experienced any extreme financial hardships; however, my indulged lifestyle evoked an even greater sense of an almost culture shock as I watched the video. I have been gifted with numerous, what many would call â€Å"luxuries†, in life that even some Am ericans do not acquire. For example, the desire to read, write, and attend college are strong urges constituted in these individuals, yet they do not obtain the proper means to acquire such â€Å"privileges† that many of their fellow Americans satiate in. Poverty is a multigenerationalShow MoreRelatedReflection About Child Poverty984 Words   |  4 PagesDescription This semester, I was placed in a team to solve child poverty in New Zealand as a â€Å"wicked problem†, which are â€Å"impossible to solve simply or in their entirety†. Our solution focused on creating a lasting difference to not only the children who are affected but to their families as well by installing a buddy program which also provided low-income single mothers with skill-based workshops. We agreed to name our solution â€Å"Empower†, and everybody in the group was from different backgroundsRead MoreTheological Reflection on the Root Causes of Poverty Essay641 Words   |  3 Pagesglobal context, theology more concretely understood, is critical reflection on historical praxis. This definition emphasizes human action (praxis) as the point of departure for all reflection and as the determining factor in our encounter with the Lord and with other humans. Our actions in history (past, present, and future) shape has to shape our theological reflection and un derstanding. Today’s society has many problems such as poverty that causes numinous members of the society to look for solutionsRead MorePoverty Is A National Epidemic That Plagues Americans Across The Country Essay1531 Words   |  7 PagesPoverty is a national epidemic that plagues Americans across the country. Imagine having to choose between the simple necessities of life, the decision of whether to buy toothpaste, toilet paper, or laundry soap. Which is most important, which will have the largest effect on the outcome of one s life? Could something so small really change a person s ability to survive? Funk Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia states that â€Å"poverty is the economic condition in which people lack sufficient income toRead MoreThe Transformative Learning Project At A New York City Community College1084 Words   |  5 Pagesassessments in local neighborhoods, and work at the local hospital. Program requirements include a daily journal, evening reflection groups, a repor t that communicates the results of student research and a final reflection paper which includes a plan for future action. The transformative learning aspect involves the student’s ability to learn and understand of the levels of poverty, economic disparities, and health issues within the region as well as the different factors that contribute to it. SocialRead MoreWhy Do English-Language Learners Struggle?987 Words   |  4 PagesThere can be several different reasons why an English Language Learner can have troubles comprehending the English language. Poverty can play a huge role when in explaining why many English language learners have the troubles in mastering the English language. The State testing has varied throughout the years, along with the degrees of assessments and progress. Teachers also need constructive feedback to properly assess their own progress. The increase prescription of ADHD medication can also beRead MoreGraduation Speech : Career And Leadership Goals1711 Words   |  7 Pageseffective leader. I led professional development on differentiation in the Smithville Schoo l District several times in the last two years. I had the opportunity to direct STEM camp this last summer. I have spoken at three gifted conferences, and I am about to publish my first gifted unit of instruction with the world’s largest gifted publisher. These experiences have taught me how teachers learn best, how to provide constructive feedback, how to deal with discipline issues, and how to create qualityRead MoreMy Personal Reflection Of Diversity1255 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper is going to cover my personal reflection of what diversity means to me. I will also discuss the messages I learned as a child about various minorities and majorities, and how my views have changed since then. I will describe a situation in which diversity directly influenced my life. This paper will also include reflection of the common read novel The Other Wes Moore One Name, Two Fates. I will detail how the main characters experienced diversity. I will give examples of how diversityRead MoreStratification By Definition Is The Categorization Of People Into Socio Economic Strata Based Upon Their Annual Income And Occupation1378 Words   |  6 Pagesgreater access to education and blue collar work than in the past. America’s dark past of racism in the early 20th century is still prevalent in today’s society, only it is less obvious. Today, many minorities are living in neighborhoods nearing the poverty line, â€Å"the ghetto† or â€Å"rough neighborhoods† as they are referred to. Often times it is minorities that grow up in situations where they live between cheques, and in most cases the youth will need to drop out of school to help provide for their familyRead MoreA Framework For Understanding Poverty778 Words   |  4 Pages A Framework for Understanding Poverty Tammy D.Pernell University of West Alabama July 10, 2016 Introduction A Framework for Understanding Poverty by Ruby K. Payne builds a model for combating poverty by tackling it at the earliest level of perpetuation-in schools. Schools, Payne advocates, should be the first line of defense against encroaching poverty and also the most effective weapon to beat it back. Unlike most economic tools, schools should be fine-tuned and deployedRead MoreThe Article Being Poor, Black And Americ Impact Of Political, Economic, And Cultural Forces Essay762 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican: The Impact of Political, Economic, and Cultural Forces written by William Julius Wilson is about the struggles and inequalities African Americans living in poverty encounter. Wilson discussed political, economic and cultural forces that have an impact on American impoverished communities. The author suggested the natural disaster of Hurricane Katrina brought the media and world attention to poverty in the United States. Prior to Katrina, the author believes Americans did not foc us or sympathize

Rape and How It Affects Future Relationships Annotated Bibliography

Nicole R. Sorell (2008). Physical and Psychological Effects of Rape. Retrieved 29 Sep. 2010 From http://www.healthyplace.com/abuse/escaping-hades/physical-effects-of-being-raped-or-sexually-assaulted/menu-id-811/ This article deals with several effects of rape that is physical, psychological, economic effects and how affected persons can be assisted to seek therapy. According to Nicole, victims of rape suffer sever psychological effects; self blame, suicidal behavior, depression, hatred for the opposite sex, and a lack of interest in certain activities. In a concise and emotional manner, the author provides minute details of symptoms of each factor and how it can be handled. In one of the examples the author notes that, rape victims have been found to avoid companies of people of the opposite sex, for example if one was attacked by a person of the other sex. This article is very crucial as it provides relevant information for explaining why some people tend to avoid certain groups. Hanson. K. Hanson (1990). The Psychological Impact of Sexual Assault On Women and Children: A Review Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment.3 (2): 187 – 232. The article provides insights on the issues that affect victims of rape such as self blame and shame. The author asserts that shame resulting from assault plays a big role in influencing eating disorders, depression, as well as mental disorder. In his investigation, the author found that youth prone to shame are more likely to indulge in substance abuse and involvement in criminal activities. This article is relevant to this study because it provides insight on behavior of youth who have experienced rape in their life. His arguments are similar to those of Ehrenreich. Luster T and Small SA (2007). Sexual abuse history and problems in adolescence: exploring the effects of moderating variables. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 59:131–142. In this article, the authors use data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of young men and women to test their hypothesis that victims of rape are more likely to attempt suicide than other groups. They find their hypothesis is supported by data collected from many parts of the world. For example in Ethiopia, about 6% of rape victims reported having tried to commit suicide. The evidence adduced here is of importance to the study since it provides clear evidence as to why people with suicidal behavior tend to be more detached from the rest in the society. Resick, J. et al (2009) Long-term Psychological Effects of Rape in 35 Victims. A Journal of Research and Treatment, 77-79 This work looks at the responses from 35 victims of rape who reported their assault in the between 1996-1997 Violence and Threats of Violence Against Women and Men in the United States survey. The authors of this article expected men who reported cases of being assaulted would be more willing to seek assistance. According to the authors, those severely assaulted reported being penetrated, attacked with a weapon, or even threatened. The study compared the results of this with victims who had been assaulted 3 to 45 years there before to establish the long-term effects of sexual assault. The rape victims were assessed against 100 non abused control subjects on their scores on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Inventory, and the modified Fear Survey Interview.   This article provides a good background for establishing behavior patterns of victims of rape. Santiago, Patricia (2005). Effects of a Rape Experience: A Longitudinal Study Journal of Social Issues Volume 37, Issue 4, 105-22 This paper gives results of a longitudinal exploration of the reactions exhibited by victims of rapes. The study, evaluated 20 victims of rape at 1 month, 5 months and one year after the occurrence of rape. The study compares the results with a similar number of non rape victims. In his findings, the author says that victims of rape were found to be more anxious than the control group. However, he reports considerable difference on variables such as personality and mood state. Just as Resick et al (2009), the author observes that these behaviors have a big influence on future relationships. According to their findings, the authors found that rape victims tended to be more depressed, more anxious and fearful than control subjects. They also found out that only one variable had a higher level of depression and anxiety; those who had been previously molested. This work is essential because it provides empirical evidence on some of the observed behaviors of victims of rape and how the be havior influences relationships in general.

Starting a Business Online Essay - 1570 Words

1. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of taking your small business online by performing a SWOT analysis. Include 2-4 items in each category. What is a SWOT analysis? It is an evaluation of strengths and weaknesses of a business unit and identification of opportunities presented by the markets of business units and threats posed by competitors. Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats is what the letters of SWOT resemble (Schneider 2001 page 32).. Inside a business are where the strengths and weaknesses are found and what each business is capable of handling. Opportunities and threats are located outside a company and are based on the real world (Zahorsky 2011). Starting a business online and moving forward is a great†¦show more content†¦One is forcing organizations to accumulate lists of how to achieve certain objectives. Making uncritical lists without clear prioritization is an example of how weak opportunities might appear to balance long threats. Most times a simple list may not be presented critical (Haughey 2000-2011). 2. Because the Internet connects computers all over the world, any business that engages in e-Commerce instantly becomes an international business. The key issues that any company faces when it conducts international commerce include trust, culture, language, government, and infrastructure. Explain how you would address each of these issues. To create trust in a business the customer needs to rely on their own name brands. As a new business begins and starts online they face many difficulties. Due to the kind of anonymity that exists for companies trying to establish a web presence, customers sometimes lack the trust that is expected because people have been doing business with their neighbors not strangers for many years. As a company begins to take in the growing aspect to become a larger corporation with multinational operations the reputation of the company grows too. In order for a company to do business as it grows it should prove to the customers the trustworthiness as it continues to grow. In favor of a business to be successful they need to rapidly find away to produce trust (Schneider 2011 page 34-35). Language and customs are a combinationShow MoreRelatedStarting a Business Online Essay1161 Words   |  5 Pagesthe advantages and disadvantage of taking a small business online by performing a SWOT analysis. It will provide key issues that any company faces when it conducts international commerce that includes trust, culture, language, government, and infrastructure. The businesses that operate on the Web that extends a company’s reach beyond traditional boundaries. Second, it will attempt to explain the Web increases the speed and efficiency of business communications. Finally, it will look at the lawRead MoreStarting a Business Online Essay1252 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment One BUS 107 April 19, 2012 Professor â€Æ' 1. Identify the advantages and disadvantages of taking your small business online by performing a SWOT analysis 2-4 items in each category. The online business I am going to start is Earl’s Flowers Togo. We sell flowers arrangements and candies online and we have a brick and mortar store. One of our strengths is that we sell affordable high quality flower arrangements with name brand candy. We have a website that is very internet friendlyRead MoreEssay about Starting a Business Online, Part 12356 Words   |  10 Pagese-Commerce, a business must look at several factors in order to determine if they are ready and able to do everything needed in order to make it successful. Companies should initially perform a SWOT analysis in order to determine if selling products online would be beneficial to the overall company. They also need to make sure they understand they will be dealing with customers all over the world and are willing to take on the work involved to know all of the legalities involved. Taking a business onlineRead MoreManaging Communications, Knowledge and Information1200 Words   |  5 PagesCommunications, Knowledge and Information Introduction Starting a business require preparation, research and a lot of hard work. There are many decisions to be taken like type of business, financial support, location and so on. This decision has to be taken with a lot of care so they can overcome difficult stages of the business. New business also requires a strategic planning for future growth including products, partners and goals. Starting a business in the retail industry is a huge challenge facingRead MoreWhy Do You Go An Online Business? Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pagesplans to start their own internet business. Others nurture online business ideas that they think will shake the web for long-time before taking the leap of entrepreneurship. While there is nothing bad in dreaming big, it is important to keep the realities of starting and running an online business in mind. When it comes to starting a web business, there are hundreds of details to be mastered but let’s just focus on 11Cs under the most critical phases of starting an e-venture. And it only makes senseRead MoreStart Your Own Online Business For Free1314 Words   |  6 PagesStart an Online Business for Free Have you been wondering how to start your own online business for free? First let me tell you a story. About a year ago my wife and I split up and I became a single father of four. It was also at this time that I was diagnosed with a medical condition that forced me to quit my job. I was lost†¦I didn’t know how I would provide for my family – food, clothes, rent. I had nothing and no way to make money. I felt like a failure.It can be depressing trying to startRead MoreIt Is Not Always Easy To Find The Money To Launch A New1193 Words   |  5 Pagesto launch a new business. Traditional business loans are normally not an option for a fledgling business; lenders prefer to make loans to companies with established records of sales and expenses. However, insufficient funding is one of the leading reasons that new businesses fail. Caught between the proverbial rock and a hard place, many entrepreneurs wonder whether personal loans can and should be used to start a new business. Should Personal Loans Be Used to Launch a New Business? It is possibleRead MoreDesigning An E Commerce Solution Evaluation Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesReferences†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Introduction. Many businesses have shown that after implementing an e-commerce system into their companies, sales have increased immensely. Sneaker Joe’s is a small family run business that is looking to expand their business after the sneakers they sell have shown to be very popular locally, after a picture of them was spotted on a social networking site. I have been looking at some of the most popular websites that consumers use to purchase theirRead MorePersonality Characteristics And Personality Traits1691 Words   |  7 Pagestechnologically savvy were also very important as they lay out a firm foundation during the establishment of business goals. In my opinion, one of the most sought after skills that clearly applies towards Tanseer was ‘Wearing many hats’ as throughout the interview I could understand that she single handedly works on her venture and has to work on everything, right from marketing her business to financing it and operating it successfully. She said â€Å"Sometimes you have to work overnights creating budgetRead MoreWeb Hosting798 Words   |  3 PagesAppendix A. When it comes to price, Yahoo! Small Business hosting at first appears to be the most attractive, even though the introductory rate of $3.47/month becomes $4.99/month after just three months (Yahoo, 2012). This is the cheapest basic hosting plan that was found in a search. Other details of the plan reveal that it might not be such a bargain (Yahoo, 2012). While Yahoo!s hosting service is very scalable and able to grow with the business, its service offerings are less than those of its

Divine Comedy and Dante Free Essays

Dante Alighieri’s â€Å"The Divine Comedy† is a poem written in first person that tells of Dante’s altered-ego pilgrimage through the three realms of death, Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise while trying to reach spiritual maturity and an understanding of God’s love while attaining salvation. Dante creates an imaginative correspondence between a soul’s sin on Earth and the punishment one receives in Hell. â€Å"In the middle of the journey of our life I came to myself in a dark wood where the straightway was lost. We will write a custom essay sample on Divine Comedy and Dante or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Canto I, pg. 11). Throughout â€Å"The Divine Comedy†, this is the only reference Dante, in my opinion, is referring to that â€Å"dark place† we all find ourselves in at some point in time in our own life. I, as Dante’s Pilgrim, have found myself in this â€Å"dark place† or â€Å"dark wood† once I lost sight of the â€Å"beaten path† or â€Å"where the straightway was lost† that I was travelling (life). But, it was during this time that I was lost that I not only found myself, but most importantly, I found my soul. I found the straightway path to my soul while in the dark wood. It is at this dark place or dark wood, that one begins not only to search for answers to one’s sin but to seek answers to the questions of the heart and mind. It is here, of the straightway lost, where the heart and mind no longer struggle for right vs. wrong but to harvest peace. Peace within one’s soul. The peace of one’s soul is born once the heart and mind become one and with this peace one will continue to search for God’s salvation just as Dante’s Pilgrim. The path to Paradise begins in Hell. † (Dante – The Divine Comedy. When Dante enters Hell on Good Friday, he reads the following posted above the gates of Hell as he is about to enter (Canto III, line 9): â€Å"Abandon all hope ye who enter here†. To leave Hell, Dante and his self-ego, must go through all nine circles of Hell, the deeper the circle, the more grave the sin and the sin’s punishment. The gravest punishment is that no one cares nor will help another while in Hell. Dante recognizes that those in Hell have chosen to be in Hell by their own choice but most importantly Dante learns to recognize and detest man’s sinful nature and the power of evil, and the need to guard against it. Hell has no hope. At times, it seems, more often than enough, that both the world and society are becoming increasingly hopeless. To lose hope is to lose life. To lose life is to gain Hell. Living is caring and hoping for the well being of man for today and for days to follow. In the Divine Comedy, to leave Hell, one must go through nine circles of Hell. But, for us, are the nine circles of hell the nine hours in the day that we inject ourselves into society? At the end of every day, do we journey through nine circles of Hell? Do we abandon all hope as we enter the day? â€Å"The path to Paradise begins in Hell. † If this is to be true, then tomorrow may I awake in Paradise. How to cite Divine Comedy and Dante, Papers

Key Space Mission Viking Mission to Mars - Solution is just click awa

Question: Describe The Viking dual orbiter/lander mission to Mars.and give an account of the mission,describing the challenges it had to overcome and the missions. achievements. Answer: Introduction The Viking project of NASA was specifically a culmination of the missions that were originally explored to the mars and has begun in the year 1964 along with the help of Mariner 4. The continued services of the Mariner in the 7 and the 6 fly bags the entire mariner 9 orbited its mission in the year 1972 and 1971. The space ship Vikings found that there is a special place of the satellite in the history of the world as it became the first American satellite or mission to land as a spaceship successfully on the surface of Mars. There are basically two spaceships that are quite identical and at the same time consist of several Landers and orbiters that were built during the mission (Apak 2008, p. 187). All the orbiters and the Landers flew along with each other like a pair and entered into the mars orbit without any problem. Then Landers descended downwards to the surface of the planet and the orbiter was also separated at the same time. Mission Design Both the orbiter and the Lander were launched from Florida right on 20th August 1975 that was the release date of Viking 1 and 9th September 1975 that was the release of Viking 2. The orbiter and the Landers were sterilized perfectly before the launch so that it can be prevented from all types of contamination for the organisms that are present on the surface of the Mars. The first spaceship that is the Viking 1 reached mars on June 19, 1976 and the second one that is the orbiter reached mars on August 7, 1976. After the astronauts went through all the photographs it was figured out that the site of the mars were actually certified by the verification department of the Viking team which was considered after completing the proposed landing test (Zimbelman and Others 1997, p. 4161). The spaceship Viking 1 was considered to be unsafe as the team members considered and examined the landing area on July 20, 1976. The main reason behind this problem was the western slope that consisted on the plains of Planitia that is also considered as the plains of gold at a northern degree of 22.3 latitude and 48.0 longitudes. Hence the team decided to shift the landing site of Viking 2 that was examined to be unsafe along with the photos that proved it be quite unsafe. The Viking mission was planned to be continued after 90 days of Landing. But both the Lander and the Orbiter lasted a much longer time that it was expected which was around 4 years. Viking Orbiters The Viking spaceship consisted of two space shuttles. One was the Orbiter and the other was the Lander. Both the spaceships weighted nearly 2325 kilograms and also consists a Lander in both of them that weighted nearly 576 kilograms. The design of the spaceship was also influenced by the size of the Landers that were huge and at the same time was highly acclaimed by the inventors and they were also pretty sure that both the spaceship would definitely last for a much longer time (Minelli and Others 2004, p. 255-262). The design of the Mariner was modeled according to the planetary spacecrafts that were designed for the surface mission. The requirements of the lifetime orbiters were dependent to be nearly 90 days or 120 days after their successful landing. These orbiters were also considered to be one of the best at that time as all the landing criteria were involved with the petition of the team that were actually handling all the consequences of the programs that were involved in the program accordingly. The orbiters also contained the control sub system that was also operated with the help of the inertia mode along with several yaw control specifications and pitches. The attitude control system was also aligned with the engine burns that were provided by the control system and the auto pilot section are the ones that used to command the engine in all types of problems (Palluconi and Others 1977, p. 4249-4291). The sun lock system also was lost along with the control system that can automatically align the spacecrafts and result in the loss of the Canopus sub system. The members of the team waited for the signal and then just turned on the gas supply section for the other subsystem and the Lander subsystem. Viking Landers The Lander spacecrafts were build up of five systems that were the Lander body, the bio shield cap, the base section, the aero shell subsystem and the parachute system. The complete Lander measured nearly 3 meters and weighted nearly 576 kilograms that is nearly 1270 pounds without fuel injection. The body of the Lander was built on a raised platform that is filled with scientific operators and subsystem. The box inside the Lander was completely built of aluminum and titanium alloys that can be insulated in the fiberglass system and along with a cloth that will protect the space ship from losing the heat content of the system (Klein 1979, p. 1655). The entire spaceship is covered with plates right from the top to the bottom. The body of the Lander was supported by the three specific legs that were also attached to the bottom corner of the body and the legs provided the air ship with and edge and a ground clearance of nearly 22 centimeters. The legs were usually connected to the main strut right from the frame assembly in all prospects. The terminal landing radar were measured at a huge velocity for the Landers in the landing phase of the spaceship and it was also directly located to the system that was nearly 12 Kilometers above the surface level and consisted of four Doppler radar that helped the entire unit to calculate the essentials factors of the mission and the prospect that there is still life contented on earth and the other structures that combined all the features that are beneficial for the system and for mankind. The above mission is also considered to be one of the most decisive moments in history. Knowledge research Viking mission or project of was the result or the outcomes of the Mars mission. The NASA was construct two different kind of spacecraft or spaceship namely Viking 1 and Viking 2. The Viking 1 and Viking 2 is constructing by the help of the different components according to their works like photography as well as knowing the surface of the Mars (Klein 1974, p. 431-441). The Viking Orbiter was constructor propose for the photography of the Mars as well as for the Lander propose for the knowing and collecting the surface information of the Mars. After the landing of Viking 1 and Viking 2, the Viking 2 (Viking Lander 2) was identify the surface of the Mars as well as collecting lost of information and data. The Viking 2 was also recording wind velocity of the landing surface of the Mars. According to the Viking 2 (Viking Lander 2) some microorganism was present in the surface of the Mars (Landing area of the Viking 1 as well as Viking 2) but there was no clear identification or evidence for the microorganism. The Viking 2 (Viking Lander 2) was also detected the soli (Martine Soil) of the Mars. According to the provided data of the Viking Mission or the Viking 2 (Viking Lander 2), The Mars is self sterilizing. According to the Viking Mission or Viking 2 (Viking Lander 2) provided data, the researchers groups or teams was identify the nature of the soil of Mars or Martine soil as well as they was also describe that, the solar UV (Ultraviolet) radiation of the surface of the Mars are much more respect of the surface of the Earth (Levin and Others 1976, p. 24-27). For that reason the soil or the Martine soil of the Mars are more dry respect of the soil of the Earth or surface of the Earth. The Martine soil or the soil of the Mars are acute dry as well as according to the chemistry or the researchers group or teams it is define that the soil of the Mars or the Martine soli are oxidizing character or oxidation in nature, which is formally shows that the microorganism or living organism are present in Mars. The Viking Team The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is government agency of the United State (US). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are responsible for space program as well as researches about the aerospace and aeronautics. The Viking Mission (Viking 1 and Viking 2) was also controlling and managing by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) (Mac Carron and Kenna 2013, p. 12-17). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Langley Research Center in Hampton, VA was fully manage and controlling the whole Viking Mission or Program (Viking 1 and Viking 2) from beginning of the mission 1968 to 1st April, 1978. Various leaders of the scientific team were also included in the Viking Team and included Mr. Michael Carr that represented the geological survey of India. Then Mr. Melon park who was the team leader of the imagining orbiter investigation department. There was also an involvement of Dr Crofton that is the leader of the wat er structure mapping system and Mr. Hugh who is involved with the space department and is from the University of California. There were also members from the Los Angeles team headed by Sir Alfred Nier from the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis (Margulis and Others, 1978). There were also people from the science entry system of investigation that included Dr Thomas from the Mutch of Brown University and also the team leader of the imagining investigation department that also included all the members that are deeply associated with space science and Astronomy to a great extent. Conclusion The Viking Mission or Program (Viking 1 and Viking 2) was managing and controlling by the government organization National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of United State (US). The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) were also collecting all the data as well as information like photography by Viking Orbits and surface data or soil information by Viking Lander (Mudgway, 1983). According to the Viking 1 as well as Viking 2 data or information set, it is clear that the soil or Martine soil of the mars is more dry respect of the Earth soil. The Martine soil or the soil of the Mars is consisting by the help of some rich iron substances or elements, which is containing extremely oxidizing element or substances. The oxidizing substance or extremely rich iron clay is provided or releasing oxygen when it is wet, therefore it is clear that the microorganisms or micro compounds are present in Mars but Viking 1 as well as Viking 2 was didnt provide any evidence. The Viking 1 as well as Viking 2 just provided some basic data ort information. The Viking 1 as well as Viking 2 was also provided some basic data of the Mars surface like Martine soil or the Martine surface of Mars are didnt containing any type of organic molecules. It is measurable by the part per billion level of the soil or Martine soil of the Mars, which is quite less than the respect of Moon surface or soil (soil sample containing by the Apollo) (Meyer 2012, p. 3-4). According to the Viking 1 and Viking 2 data set or information it was clear that the atmospheric pressure of the Mars surface is differ by 30% for the period of the Martine year, because the carbon dioxide (CO2) was compress as well as sublimes at the polar caps of the Mars surface. In the Viking mission or program, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) team was observed that the radio signals was coming late or delay in between the receiver and Viking 1 as well as Viking 2. After some words it was observed that the delay of the radioactive signals due to the gravitational field of the Sun. References 3.9. Extended viking mission to Mars termed successful. (1982). COSPAR Information Bulletin, 1982(94), pp.66-67. Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/fact_sheets/viking.pdf [Accessed 25 Jan. 2015]. Apak, R. (2008). Life detection experiments of the Viking Mission on Mars can be best interpreted with a Fenton oxidation reaction composed of H2O2 and Fe2+ and iron-catalysed decomposition of H2O2. Int.Jnl Astrobiol., 7(3-4), p.187. Cattermole, P. (2001). Mars. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Corliss, W. (1974). The Viking mission to Mars. Washington: Scientific and Technical Information Office, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Corliss, W. (1975). The Viking mission to Mars. Washington: Scientific and Technical Information Office, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Craddock, R., Crumpler, L., Aubele, J. and Zimbelman, J. (1997). Geology of central Chryse Planitia and the Viking 1 landing site: Implications for the Mars Pathfinder mission. J. Geophys. Res., 102(E2), p.4161. Frigeri, A., Federico, C., Pauselli, C. and Minelli, G. (2004). Identifying Wrinkle Ridges from Mars MGS and Viking Mission Data: Using GRASS GIS in Planetary Geology. Transactions in GIS, 8(2), pp.255-262. Kieffer, H., Martin, T., Peterfreund, A., Jakosky, B., Miner, E. and Palluconi, F. (1977). Thermal and albedo mapping of Mars during the Viking primary mission. J. Geophys. Res., 82(28), pp.4249-4291. Klein, H. (1974). Automated life-detection experiments for the Viking mission to Mars. Origins of Life, 5(3-4), pp.431-441. Klein, H. (1979). The Viking mission and the search for life on Mars. Rev. Geophys., 17(7), p.1655. Klein, H., Lederberg, J., Rich, A., Horowitz, N., Oyama, V. and Levin, G. (1976). The Viking Mission search for life on Mars. Nature, 262(5563), pp.24-27. Mac Carron, P. and Kenna, R. (2013). Viking sagas: Six degrees of Icelandic separation Social networks from the Viking era. Significance, 10(6), pp.12-17. Margulis, L., Mazur, P., Barghoorn, E., Halvorson, H., Jukes, T. and Kaplan, I. (1979). The Viking mission: Implications for life on Mars. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 14(1-3), pp.223-232. Mazur, P., Barghoorn, E., Halvorson, H., Jukes, T., Kaplan, I. and Margulis, L. (1978). Biological implications of the Viking mission to Mars. Space Sci Rev, 22(1). Meyer, M. (2012). Foreword: Mars Science Laboratory, the First Astrobiology Mission to Mars Since Viking. Space Sci Rev, 170(1-4), pp.3-4. Mudgway, D. (1983). Telecommunications and data acquisition systems support for the Viking 1975 mission to Mars. Pasadena, Calif.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. NIER, A. and MCELROY, M. (1976). Structure of the Neutral Upper Atmosphere of Mars: Results from Viking 1 and Viking 2. Science, 194(4271), pp.1298-1300. Snyder, C. (1979). The planet Mars as seen at the end of the Viking Mission. J. Geophys. Res., 84(B14), p.8487. Snyder, C. and Evans, N. (1981). The final phases of the Viking mission to Mars. Icarus, 45(1), pp.2-24. SOFFEN, G. and SNYDER, C. (1976). The First Viking Mission to Mars. Science, 193(4255), pp.759-766. Thorpe, T. (1979). A history of Mars atmospheric opacity in the Southern Hemisphere during the Viking extended mission. J. Geophys. Res., 84(A11), p.6663. Veverka, J., Thomas, P. and Greeley, R. (1977). A study of variable features on Mars during the Viking primary mission. J. Geophys. Res., 82(28), pp.4167-4188. Vogt, G. (1991). Mars landing and the Viking. Brookfield, Conn.: Millbrook Press.

Reaction Paper on Multiculturalism free essay sample

Multiculturalism, historically has been a source of conflict especially when cultural difference is used as a basis for determining who gets what, why and how. So it is good to give a definition: multiculturalism can at best be described as a broad set of mutually reinforcing approaches or methodologies concerning the incorporation and participation of immigrants and ethnic minorities and their modes of cultural and religious difference.Multiculturalism is not new, because countries have lived with several cultures, sometimes for centuries, and it was a way of living without problem. But there is a new question of multiculturalism which is clearly linked to recent migrations. The end of the colonial time, and the movement of population which followed, the globalization of the economy and increased movements of migrants, all this had many countries to think in terms of multiculturalism.Cultural differences do not and should not mean cultural battle. Multiculturalism does not mean: accept everything and teach nothing. We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction Paper on Multiculturalism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Multiculturalism means integration with respect. Multiculturalism is a way of living together peacefully. But this statement does not say how this is possible and on which issue we have to be careful, and which should be the policy of the state.Each country has to find its own system. Multiculturalism must be translated in practical measures. There is also the transformation of cultures themselves, which can be more or less open to multiculturalism. The religious factor is here very important in many contexts because of its relation to culture. It becomes a political issue, because it is linked to cultural identity, and sometimes to national identity. It often revolves around the question of separation of state and religion. This separation is an essential principle, but it’s not always practiced, and sometimes, it is even rejected. And when rejected, religion tends then to get more importance. Religion tends to become more fundamentalist in the face of social crisis or national frustration, which often makes multiculturalism impossible.When we talk of the ideal of multiculturalism in enabling social change, the question of leadership. Only when we factor in this historic process of the struggle for hegemony (and, by extension, for state power) among groups can we really begin a substantive discussion on the cognitive and pedagogical value of multiculturalism for third world societies where, in most cases, the violence of the neocolonial state often supervenes over a polymorp